TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Domain	PF00273 Serum albumin family
Function	Binds copper, nickel, and fatty acids as well as, and bilirubin less well than, serum albumin. Only a small percentage (less than 2%) of the human AFP shows estrogen-binding properties.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0001542 ovulation from ovarian follicle GO:0007178 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway GO:0007292 female gamete generation GO:0007548 sex differentiation GO:0008202 steroid metabolic process GO:0008207 C21-steroid hormone metabolic process GO:0008406 gonad development GO:0008585 female gonad development GO:0010817 regulation of hormone levels GO:0022602 ovulation cycle process GO:0030728 ovulation GO:0034754 cellular hormone metabolic process GO:0042180 cellular ketone metabolic process GO:0042445 hormone metabolic process GO:0042448 progesterone metabolic process GO:0042698 ovulation cycle GO:0045137 development of primary sexual characteristics GO:0046545 development of primary female sexual characteristics GO:0046660 female sex differentiation GO:0048511 rhythmic process GO:0048608 reproductive structure development GO:0060395 SMAD protein signal transduction GO:0061458 reproductive system development
Molecular Function	-
Cellular Component	-

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04390 Hippo signaling pathway
Reactome	-

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between AFP and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining

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Literatures describing the relation between AFP and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.

PMID	Cancer type	Relation to immunity	Evidence sentences
27638840	Germ Cell Tumor	Inhibit immunity (infiltration)	Expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) RNA correlated with lack of the T-cell signature, with increasing AFP RNA inversely correlating with the inflamed signature and expression of IFNγ-associated genes.
20087354	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	Promote immunity	Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a tumour-associated antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is a target for immunotherapy.
24122861	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	Promote immunity	Immunization with lentivector expressing optimized AFP, but not native AFP, completely protected mice from tumor challenge and reduced the incidence of carcinogen-induced autochthonous HCC. Epitope-optimization is required to break immune tolerance and potently activate AFP-specific CD8 T cells, generating effective antitumor effect to prevent clinically relevant carcinogen-induced autochthonous HCC in mice.

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of AFP in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of AFP in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0	1
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	0	1
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0	1
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	-1.304	0.211
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-1.127	0.457
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	-1.544	0.351
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	0	1
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0	1
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	0	1
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	-0.39	0.678
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	0.108	0.931
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.057	0.824

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of AFP in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	0	0	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	0	0	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	7.4	9.6	-2.2	1
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	7.1	-7.1	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	7.4	10.2	-2.8	1
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	4.8	0	4.8	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	0	0	0	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	7.7	0	7.7	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0	6.2	-6.2	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	11.1	-11.1	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0	0	0	1
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	0	3.7	-3.7	0.415
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	0	0	0	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	7.1	-7.1	0.467
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of AFP. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of AFP. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by AFP. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of AFP. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of AFP expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between AFP and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	AFP
Name	alpha-fetoprotein
Aliases	HPAFP; AFPD; alpha-1-fetoprotein; alpha-fetoglobulin
Chromosomal Location	4q13.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting AFP collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Browse AFP