Browse ALCAM

Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Cell membrane Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell projection, axon Cell projection, dendrite Note=Detected at the immunological synapse, i.e, at the contact zone between antigen-presenting dendritic cells and T-cells (PubMed:15294938, PubMed:16352806). Colocalizes with CD6 and the TCR/CD3 complex at the immunological synapse (PubMed:15294938). ; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 3: Secreted
Domain PF08205 CD80-like C2-set immunoglobulin domain
Function

Cell adhesion molecule that mediates both heterotypic cell-cell contacts via its interaction with CD6, as well as homotypic cell-cell contacts (PubMed:7760007, PubMed:15496415, PubMed:15048703, PubMed:16352806, PubMed:23169771, PubMed:24945728). Promotes T-cell activation and proliferation via its interactions with CD6 (PubMed:15048703, PubMed:16352806, PubMed:24945728). Contributes to the formation and maturation of the immunological synapse via its interactions with CD6 (PubMed:15294938, PubMed:16352806). Mediates homotypic interactions with cells that express ALCAM (PubMed:15496415, PubMed:16352806). Required for normal hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in the bone marrow (PubMed:24740813). Mediates attachment of dendritic cells onto endothelial cells via homotypic interaction (PubMed:23169771). Inhibits endothelial cell migration and promotes endothelial tube formation via homotypic interactions (PubMed:15496415, PubMed:23169771). Required for normal organization of the lymph vessel network. Required for normal hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in the bone marrow. Plays a role in hematopoiesis; required for normal numbers of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow. Promotes in vitro osteoblast proliferation and differentiation (By similarity). Promotes neurite extension, axon growth and axon guidance; axons grow preferentially on surfaces that contain ALCAM. Mediates outgrowth and pathfinding for retinal ganglion cell axons (By similarity). ; FUNCTION: Isoform 3: Inhibits activities of membrane-bound isoforms by competing for the same interaction partners. Inhibits cell attachment via homotypic interactions. Promotes endothelial cell migration. Inhibits endothelial cell tube formation.

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0002250 adaptive immune response
GO:0007157 heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules
GO:0007409 axonogenesis
GO:0007411 axon guidance
GO:0008045 motor neuron axon guidance
GO:0016049 cell growth
GO:0031290 retinal ganglion cell axon guidance
GO:0048588 developmental cell growth
GO:0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation
GO:0048675 axon extension
GO:0048846 axon extension involved in axon guidance
GO:0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis
GO:0061564 axon development
GO:0097485 neuron projection guidance
GO:0098742 cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules
GO:1902284 neuron projection extension involved in neuron projection guidance
GO:1990138 neuron projection extension
Molecular Function -
Cellular Component GO:0001772 immunological synapse
GO:0005924 cell-substrate adherens junction
GO:0005925 focal adhesion
GO:0009897 external side of plasma membrane
GO:0030055 cell-substrate junction
GO:0030424 axon
GO:0030425 dendrite
GO:0042101 T cell receptor complex
GO:0043025 neuronal cell body
GO:0043235 receptor complex
GO:0044297 cell body
GO:0098552 side of membrane
GO:0098802 plasma membrane receptor complex
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG hsa04514 Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)
Reactome R-HSA-422475: Axon guidance
R-HSA-1266738: Developmental Biology
R-HSA-373760: L1CAM interactions
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between ALCAM and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 
  Literatures describing the relation between ALCAM and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
PMID Cancer type Relation to immunity Evidence sentences
27208904MelanomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)The cryo-induced ALCAM(+) cells including CD45(-) mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, CD11b(+)Gr1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells significantly suppressed interferon γ production and cytotoxicity of tumour-specific CD8(+) T cells via ALCAM expressed in these cells.
29263213T Acute Lymphoblastic LeukemiaInhibit immunity (T cell function)Knockdown of CD166 in primary human T cells by nucleofection abolished the capacity of ILT3.Fc to inhibit CD4+ Th cell proliferation and to induce the generation of CD8+CD28- T suppressor cells.
27813511Colorectal CancinomaInhibit immunityMoreover, colorectal carcinomas characterized by lack of CDX2 and prominent expression of ALCAM frequently (71%) showed CD274 positivity. This might suggest association of CD274 expression with 'stem-like' phenotype.
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of ALCAM in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NSNA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NSNA/NS
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of ALCAM in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)1412-0.3440.477
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)65-0.3860.781
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)87-0.3060.754
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160.40.367
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59-0.0280.988
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470.9410.696
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2623-0.1220.826
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 15110.1150.945
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 1112-0.3310.852
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 480.1150.941
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 281.0860.615
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 682300.0530.761
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of ALCAM in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14170001
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 1030001
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 4140001
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 277311.12.78.40.12
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 275911.13.47.70.176
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)211705.9-5.90.447
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)860001
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)131109.1-9.10.458
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160001
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590001
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470001
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 38275.33.71.61
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 22134.57.7-3.21
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 16146.206.21
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of ALCAM. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of ALCAM. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by ALCAM.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of ALCAM. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of ALCAM expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between ALCAM and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolALCAM
Nameactivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
Aliases CD166; MEMD; activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD antigen CD166; CD166 antigen
Chromosomal Location3q13.1
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting ALCAM collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

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