Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway |
Subcellular Location | Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 3: Cell surface |
Domain |
PF15910 ICOS V-set domain |
Function |
Involved in T-cell activation, the induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival. Enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in T-cells in conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation (PubMed:8617933). Isoform 3 enhances CD40L-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B and kinases MAPK8 and PAK2 in T-cells (PubMed:15067037). |
Biological Process |
GO:0000018 regulation of DNA recombination GO:0001819 positive regulation of cytokine production GO:0002200 somatic diversification of immune receptors GO:0002204 somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes involved in immune response GO:0002208 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins involved in immune response GO:0002250 adaptive immune response GO:0002263 cell activation involved in immune response GO:0002285 lymphocyte activation involved in immune response GO:0002312 B cell activation involved in immune response GO:0002366 leukocyte activation involved in immune response GO:0002377 immunoglobulin production GO:0002381 immunoglobulin production involved in immunoglobulin mediated immune response GO:0002429 immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway GO:0002437 inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus GO:0002440 production of molecular mediator of immune response GO:0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity GO:0002449 lymphocyte mediated immunity GO:0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains GO:0002521 leukocyte differentiation GO:0002562 somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus GO:0002637 regulation of immunoglobulin production GO:0002639 positive regulation of immunoglobulin production GO:0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation GO:0002696 positive regulation of leukocyte activation GO:0002697 regulation of immune effector process GO:0002699 positive regulation of immune effector process GO:0002700 regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response GO:0002702 positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response GO:0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity GO:0002705 positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity GO:0002706 regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity GO:0002708 positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity GO:0002712 regulation of B cell mediated immunity GO:0002714 positive regulation of B cell mediated immunity GO:0002757 immune response-activating signal transduction GO:0002764 immune response-regulating signaling pathway GO:0002768 immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway GO:0002819 regulation of adaptive immune response GO:0002821 positive regulation of adaptive immune response GO:0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains GO:0002824 positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains GO:0002831 regulation of response to biotic stimulus GO:0002861 regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus GO:0002863 positive regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus GO:0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response GO:0002891 positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response GO:0006310 DNA recombination GO:0006417 regulation of translation GO:0006644 phospholipid metabolic process GO:0006650 glycerophospholipid metabolic process GO:0006959 humoral immune response GO:0007067 mitotic nuclear division GO:0007088 regulation of mitotic nuclear division GO:0007159 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion GO:0007346 regulation of mitotic cell cycle GO:0009615 response to virus GO:0010608 posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression GO:0014065 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0014066 regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0014068 positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response GO:0016444 somatic cell DNA recombination GO:0016445 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins GO:0016447 somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments GO:0019058 viral life cycle GO:0019079 viral genome replication GO:0019724 B cell mediated immunity GO:0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion GO:0022409 positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion GO:0030098 lymphocyte differentiation GO:0030217 T cell differentiation GO:0030258 lipid modification GO:0031294 lymphocyte costimulation GO:0031295 T cell costimulation GO:0031349 positive regulation of defense response GO:0032103 positive regulation of response to external stimulus GO:0032613 interleukin-10 production GO:0032623 interleukin-2 production GO:0032633 interleukin-4 production GO:0032653 regulation of interleukin-10 production GO:0032663 regulation of interleukin-2 production GO:0032673 regulation of interleukin-4 production GO:0032733 positive regulation of interleukin-10 production GO:0032743 positive regulation of interleukin-2 production GO:0032753 positive regulation of interleukin-4 production GO:0032943 mononuclear cell proliferation GO:0032944 regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation GO:0032946 positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation GO:0033077 T cell differentiation in thymus GO:0034248 regulation of cellular amide metabolic process GO:0034250 positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process GO:0042035 regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process GO:0042089 cytokine biosynthetic process GO:0042094 interleukin-2 biosynthetic process GO:0042098 T cell proliferation GO:0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042107 cytokine metabolic process GO:0042108 positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process GO:0042110 T cell activation GO:0042113 B cell activation GO:0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0043383 negative T cell selection GO:0043491 protein kinase B signaling GO:0043900 regulation of multi-organism process GO:0043902 positive regulation of multi-organism process GO:0043903 regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism GO:0045058 T cell selection GO:0045060 negative thymic T cell selection GO:0045061 thymic T cell selection GO:0045066 regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045069 regulation of viral genome replication GO:0045070 positive regulation of viral genome replication GO:0045076 regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process GO:0045086 positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process GO:0045190 isotype switching GO:0045191 regulation of isotype switching GO:0045580 regulation of T cell differentiation GO:0045589 regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045619 regulation of lymphocyte differentiation GO:0045727 positive regulation of translation GO:0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion GO:0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle GO:0045830 positive regulation of isotype switching GO:0045840 positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division GO:0045911 positive regulation of DNA recombination GO:0045931 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle GO:0046486 glycerolipid metabolic process GO:0046488 phosphatidylinositol metabolic process GO:0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation GO:0046633 alpha-beta T cell proliferation GO:0046634 regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation GO:0046635 positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation GO:0046640 regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation GO:0046641 positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation GO:0046651 lymphocyte proliferation GO:0046834 lipid phosphorylation GO:0046854 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation GO:0048015 phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling GO:0048017 inositol lipid-mediated signaling GO:0048291 isotype switching to IgG isotypes GO:0048302 regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes GO:0048304 positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes GO:0048524 positive regulation of viral process GO:0050670 regulation of lymphocyte proliferation GO:0050671 positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation GO:0050688 regulation of defense response to virus GO:0050690 regulation of defense response to virus by virus GO:0050727 regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050792 regulation of viral process GO:0050851 antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway GO:0050852 T cell receptor signaling pathway GO:0050863 regulation of T cell activation GO:0050864 regulation of B cell activation GO:0050865 regulation of cell activation GO:0050867 positive regulation of cell activation GO:0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation GO:0050871 positive regulation of B cell activation GO:0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process GO:0051054 positive regulation of DNA metabolic process GO:0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation GO:0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation GO:0051607 defense response to virus GO:0051783 regulation of nuclear division GO:0051785 positive regulation of nuclear division GO:0051896 regulation of protein kinase B signaling GO:0051897 positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling GO:0070486 leukocyte aggregation GO:0070489 T cell aggregation GO:0070661 leukocyte proliferation GO:0070663 regulation of leukocyte proliferation GO:0070665 positive regulation of leukocyte proliferation GO:0071593 lymphocyte aggregation GO:0071594 thymocyte aggregation GO:0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process GO:0098542 defense response to other organism GO:1902105 regulation of leukocyte differentiation GO:1903037 regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion GO:1903039 positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion GO:1903706 regulation of hemopoiesis GO:1903900 regulation of viral life cycle GO:1903902 positive regulation of viral life cycle |
Molecular Function |
GO:0002020 protease binding GO:0005070 SH3/SH2 adaptor activity GO:0015026 coreceptor activity GO:0030674 protein binding, bridging GO:0035004 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity GO:0035591 signaling adaptor activity GO:0046934 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity GO:0052813 phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate kinase activity GO:0060090 binding, bridging |
Cellular Component |
GO:0001772 immunological synapse GO:0009897 external side of plasma membrane GO:0098552 side of membrane GO:0098636 protein complex involved in cell adhesion |
KEGG |
hsa04514 Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) hsa04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway hsa04672 Intestinal immune network for IgA production |
Reactome |
R-HSA-1280218: Adaptive Immune System R-HSA-389356: CD28 co-stimulation R-HSA-389357: CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling R-HSA-389359: CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway R-HSA-2219530: Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer R-HSA-388841: Costimulation by the CD28 family R-HSA-2172127: DAP12 interactions R-HSA-2424491: DAP12 signaling R-HSA-1643685: Disease R-HSA-5663202: Diseases of signal transduction R-HSA-186763: Downstream signal transduction R-HSA-1168372: Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR) R-HSA-2454202: Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling R-HSA-180292: GAB1 signalosome R-HSA-162906: HIV Infection R-HSA-162909: Host Interactions of HIV factors R-HSA-168256: Immune System R-HSA-5663205: Infectious disease R-HSA-168249: Innate Immune System R-HSA-187037: NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane R-HSA-164939: Nef mediated downregulation of CD28 cell surface expression R-HSA-164938: Nef-mediates down modulation of cell surface receptors by recruiting them to clathrin adapters R-HSA-199418: Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network R-HSA-2219528: PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer R-HSA-198203: PI3K/AKT activation R-HSA-6811558: PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling R-HSA-1257604: PIP3 activates AKT signaling R-HSA-2730905: Role of LAT2/NTAL/LAB on calcium mobilization R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction R-HSA-177929: Signaling by EGFR R-HSA-186797: Signaling by PDGF R-HSA-1433557: Signaling by SCF-KIT R-HSA-983705: Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR) R-HSA-166520: Signalling by NGF R-HSA-164952: The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis |
Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content | Literatures that report relations between CD28 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells. |
Literatures describing the relation between CD28 and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
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Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content | High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets. |
> High-throughput Screening
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Statistical results of CD28 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
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Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders |
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of CD28 in various data sets.
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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of CD28 in various data sets.
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Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CD28. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene. |
Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CD28. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by CD28. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule |
Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CD28. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor |
Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Distribution of CD28 expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype |
Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Associations between CD28 and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade |
Summary | |
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Symbol | CD28 |
Name | CD28 molecule |
Aliases | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein; CD28 antigen (Tp44); Tp44; CD28 antigen; CD antigen CD28; T-cell-speci ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 2q33 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content | Drugs targeting CD28 collected from DrugBank database. |
There is no record. |