Browse PAK2

Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2: Cytoplasm. Note=MYO18A mediates the cellular distribution of the PAK2-ARHGEF7-GIT1 complex to the inner surface of the cell membrane.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: PAK-2p34: Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane; Lipid-anchor. Note=Interaction with ARHGAP10 probably changes PAK-2p34 location to cytoplasmic perinuclear region. Myristoylation changes PAK-2p34 location to the membrane.
Domain PF00786 P21-Rho-binding domain
PF00069 Protein kinase domain
Function

Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell motility, cell cycle progression, apoptosis or proliferation. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Full-length PAK2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Phosphorylates JUN and plays an important role in EGF-induced cell proliferation. Phosphorylates many other substrates including histone H4 to promote assembly of H3.3 and H4 into nucleosomes, BAD, ribosomal protein S6, or MBP. Additionally, associates with ARHGEF7 and GIT1 to perform kinase-independent functions such as spindle orientation control during mitosis. On the other hand, apoptotic stimuli such as DNA damage lead to caspase-mediated cleavage of PAK2, generating PAK-2p34, an active p34 fragment that translocates to the nucleus and promotes cellular apoptosis involving the JNK signaling pathway. Caspase-activated PAK2 phosphorylates MKNK1 and reduces cellular translation.

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0001933 negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0002218 activation of innate immune response
GO:0002220 innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway
GO:0002223 stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway
GO:0002429 immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway
GO:0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation
GO:0002696 positive regulation of leukocyte activation
GO:0002697 regulation of immune effector process
GO:0002757 immune response-activating signal transduction
GO:0002758 innate immune response-activating signal transduction
GO:0002764 immune response-regulating signaling pathway
GO:0002768 immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway
GO:0002831 regulation of response to biotic stimulus
GO:0006469 negative regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0007159 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:0009615 response to virus
GO:0010466 negative regulation of peptidase activity
GO:0010951 negative regulation of endopeptidase activity
GO:0016358 dendrite development
GO:0018105 peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO:0018108 peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0018209 peptidyl-serine modification
GO:0018212 peptidyl-tyrosine modification
GO:0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion
GO:0022409 positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion
GO:0031294 lymphocyte costimulation
GO:0031295 T cell costimulation
GO:0031349 positive regulation of defense response
GO:0033673 negative regulation of kinase activity
GO:0033674 positive regulation of kinase activity
GO:0038093 Fc receptor signaling pathway
GO:0038095 Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway
GO:0042110 T cell activation
GO:0042326 negative regulation of phosphorylation
GO:0043154 negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0043281 regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0043900 regulation of multi-organism process
GO:0043903 regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism
GO:0045088 regulation of innate immune response
GO:0045089 positive regulation of innate immune response
GO:0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion
GO:0045860 positive regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis
GO:0046777 protein autophosphorylation
GO:0048010 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
GO:0050688 regulation of defense response to virus
GO:0050690 regulation of defense response to virus by virus
GO:0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0050731 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0050792 regulation of viral process
GO:0050851 antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0050852 T cell receptor signaling pathway
GO:0050863 regulation of T cell activation
GO:0050865 regulation of cell activation
GO:0050867 positive regulation of cell activation
GO:0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation
GO:0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation
GO:0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation
GO:0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity
GO:0051348 negative regulation of transferase activity
GO:0051607 defense response to virus
GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity
GO:0052548 regulation of endopeptidase activity
GO:0060996 dendritic spine development
GO:0061097 regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0061098 positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0070486 leukocyte aggregation
GO:0070489 T cell aggregation
GO:0071407 cellular response to organic cyclic compound
GO:0071593 lymphocyte aggregation
GO:0097191 extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:0097194 execution phase of apoptosis
GO:0098542 defense response to other organism
GO:1900117 regulation of execution phase of apoptosis
GO:1900118 negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis
GO:1903037 regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:1903039 positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:2000116 regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:2000117 negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:2001233 regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001235 positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001236 regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001238 positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001270 regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis
GO:2001271 negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis
Molecular Function GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0004702 receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0005057 receptor signaling protein activity
GO:0008047 enzyme activator activity
GO:0019207 kinase regulator activity
GO:0019209 kinase activator activity
GO:0019887 protein kinase regulator activity
GO:0030295 protein kinase activator activity
GO:0030296 protein tyrosine kinase activator activity
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
GO:0050839 cell adhesion molecule binding
GO:0098631 protein binding involved in cell adhesion
GO:0098632 protein binding involved in cell-cell adhesion
GO:0098641 cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion
Cellular Component GO:0005913 cell-cell adherens junction
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG hsa04010 MAPK signaling pathway
hsa04012 ErbB signaling pathway
hsa04014 Ras signaling pathway
hsa04360 Axon guidance
hsa04510 Focal adhesion
hsa04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway
hsa04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
Reactome R-HSA-428540: Activation of Rac
R-HSA-1280218: Adaptive Immune System
R-HSA-109581: Apoptosis
R-HSA-75153: Apoptotic execution phase
R-HSA-422475: Axon guidance
R-HSA-5621481: C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
R-HSA-5621575: CD209 (DC-SIGN) signaling
R-HSA-389356: CD28 co-stimulation
R-HSA-389359: CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway
R-HSA-388841: Costimulation by the CD28 family
R-HSA-1266738: Developmental Biology
R-HSA-1643685: Disease
R-HSA-2682334: EPH-Ephrin signaling
R-HSA-3928664: Ephrin signaling
R-HSA-2871796: FCERI mediated MAPK activation
R-HSA-2454202: Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling
R-HSA-202433: Generation of second messenger molecules
R-HSA-162906: HIV Infection
R-HSA-162909: Host Interactions of HIV factors
R-HSA-168256: Immune System
R-HSA-5663205: Infectious disease
R-HSA-168249: Innate Immune System
R-HSA-5683057: MAPK family signaling cascades
R-HSA-5687128: MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling
R-HSA-164944: Nef and signal transduction
R-HSA-5357801: Programmed Cell Death
R-HSA-195258: RHO GTPase Effectors
R-HSA-5627123: RHO GTPases activate PAKs
R-HSA-169911: Regulation of Apoptosis
R-HSA-211728: Regulation of PAK-2p34 activity by PS-GAP/RHG10
R-HSA-211733: Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation
R-HSA-399954: Sema3A PAK dependent Axon repulsion
R-HSA-373755: Semaphorin interactions
R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction
R-HSA-194315: Signaling by Rho GTPases
R-HSA-376176: Signaling by Robo receptor
R-HSA-194138: Signaling by VEGF
R-HSA-211736: Stimulation of the cell death response by PAK-2p34
R-HSA-202403: TCR signaling
R-HSA-164952: The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis
R-HSA-4420097: VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
R-HSA-5218920: VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between PAK2 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 

There is no record.

Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of PAK2 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell logFC: -2.30; FDR: 0.04630 Resistant to T cell-mediated killing
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell logFC: -1.86; FDR: 0.04220 Resistant to T cell-mediated killing
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NS NA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NS NA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NS NA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NS NA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NS NA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NS NA/NS
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of PAK2 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)1412-0.070.734
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)650.1550.941
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)87-0.2340.879
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160.1630.609
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59-0.0080.997
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470.3810.882
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 26230.2410.601
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 15110.3090.879
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11120.1890.932
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 480.3830.789
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 280.8070.709
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 682300.0680.22
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of PAK2 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14170001
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 1030001
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 4140001
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 277301.4-1.41
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 275901.7-1.71
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)211705.9-5.90.447
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)860001
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)131109.1-9.10.458
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 91622.2022.20.12
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59200200.357
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 47250250.364
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 382713.211.12.11
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 221313.615.4-1.81
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 161412.57.15.41
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PAK2. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PAK2. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by PAK2.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PAK2. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of PAK2 expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between PAK2 and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolPAK2
Namep21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
Aliases PAK65; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2; gamma-PAK; p21-activated kinase 2; Serine/th ......
Chromosomal Location3q29
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting PAK2 collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

There is no record.