Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway |
Subcellular Location | Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. |
Domain |
PF03098 Animal haem peroxidase PF00008 EGF-like domain |
Function |
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis (PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593). Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays important roles in modulating motility, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. |
Biological Process |
GO:0001101 response to acid chemical GO:0001503 ossification GO:0001516 prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0001525 angiogenesis GO:0001659 temperature homeostasis GO:0001660 fever generation GO:0001666 response to hypoxia GO:0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration GO:0001676 long-chain fatty acid metabolic process GO:0001819 positive regulation of cytokine production GO:0001890 placenta development GO:0001893 maternal placenta development GO:0001963 synaptic transmission, dopaminergic GO:0002040 sprouting angiogenesis GO:0002042 cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis GO:0002237 response to molecule of bacterial origin GO:0002526 acute inflammatory response GO:0002673 regulation of acute inflammatory response GO:0002675 positive regulation of acute inflammatory response GO:0003012 muscle system process GO:0003013 circulatory system process GO:0003018 vascular process in circulatory system GO:0006606 protein import into nucleus GO:0006631 fatty acid metabolic process GO:0006633 fatty acid biosynthetic process GO:0006636 unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process GO:0006690 icosanoid metabolic process GO:0006692 prostanoid metabolic process GO:0006693 prostaglandin metabolic process GO:0006766 vitamin metabolic process GO:0006767 water-soluble vitamin metabolic process GO:0006769 nicotinamide metabolic process GO:0006809 nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0006816 calcium ion transport GO:0006913 nucleocytoplasmic transport GO:0006936 muscle contraction GO:0006937 regulation of muscle contraction GO:0006939 smooth muscle contraction GO:0006940 regulation of smooth muscle contraction GO:0006953 acute-phase response GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress GO:0007249 I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0007270 neuron-neuron synaptic transmission GO:0007292 female gamete generation GO:0007565 female pregnancy GO:0007566 embryo implantation GO:0007584 response to nutrient GO:0007611 learning or memory GO:0007612 learning GO:0007613 memory GO:0008015 blood circulation GO:0008217 regulation of blood pressure GO:0009314 response to radiation GO:0009411 response to UV GO:0009416 response to light stimulus GO:0009612 response to mechanical stimulus GO:0009636 response to toxic substance GO:0009743 response to carbohydrate GO:0009746 response to hexose GO:0009750 response to fructose GO:0009820 alkaloid metabolic process GO:0009991 response to extracellular stimulus GO:0010035 response to inorganic substance GO:0010038 response to metal ion GO:0010042 response to manganese ion GO:0010226 response to lithium ion GO:0010565 regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process GO:0010573 vascular endothelial growth factor production GO:0010574 regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production GO:0010575 positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production GO:0010594 regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010595 positive regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010631 epithelial cell migration GO:0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010634 positive regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010959 regulation of metal ion transport GO:0014074 response to purine-containing compound GO:0016053 organic acid biosynthetic process GO:0017038 protein import GO:0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process GO:0019217 regulation of fatty acid metabolic process GO:0019229 regulation of vasoconstriction GO:0019233 sensory perception of pain GO:0019369 arachidonic acid metabolic process GO:0019371 cyclooxygenase pathway GO:0019372 lipoxygenase pathway GO:0030282 bone mineralization GO:0030335 positive regulation of cell migration GO:0030728 ovulation GO:0031214 biomineral tissue development GO:0031349 positive regulation of defense response GO:0031392 regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0031394 positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process GO:0031503 protein complex localization GO:0031620 regulation of fever generation GO:0031622 positive regulation of fever generation GO:0031649 heat generation GO:0031650 regulation of heat generation GO:0031652 positive regulation of heat generation GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels GO:0031915 positive regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0031960 response to corticosteroid GO:0032103 positive regulation of response to external stimulus GO:0032225 regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic GO:0032227 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic GO:0032355 response to estradiol GO:0032386 regulation of intracellular transport GO:0032388 positive regulation of intracellular transport GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032844 regulation of homeostatic process GO:0032846 positive regulation of homeostatic process GO:0033002 muscle cell proliferation GO:0033157 regulation of intracellular protein transport GO:0033198 response to ATP GO:0033273 response to vitamin GO:0033280 response to vitamin D GO:0033559 unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process GO:0034284 response to monosaccharide GO:0034405 response to fluid shear stress GO:0034504 protein localization to nucleus GO:0034612 response to tumor necrosis factor GO:0034644 cellular response to UV GO:0035150 regulation of tube size GO:0035249 synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0035633 maintenance of blood-brain barrier GO:0036293 response to decreased oxygen levels GO:0036294 cellular response to decreased oxygen levels GO:0040017 positive regulation of locomotion GO:0042180 cellular ketone metabolic process GO:0042303 molting cycle GO:0042304 regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process GO:0042306 regulation of protein import into nucleus GO:0042307 positive regulation of protein import into nucleus GO:0042310 vasoconstriction GO:0042345 regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus GO:0042346 positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus GO:0042348 NF-kappaB import into nucleus GO:0042493 response to drug GO:0042633 hair cycle GO:0042990 regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus GO:0042991 transcription factor import into nucleus GO:0042993 positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus GO:0043122 regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043123 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043271 negative regulation of ion transport GO:0043534 blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0043535 regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0043536 positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0043542 endothelial cell migration GO:0044057 regulation of system process GO:0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process GO:0044706 multi-multicellular organism process GO:0044708 single-organism behavior GO:0044744 protein targeting to nucleus GO:0045428 regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045429 positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045444 fat cell differentiation GO:0045598 regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045600 positive regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045723 positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process GO:0045765 regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045766 positive regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045786 negative regulation of cell cycle GO:0045834 positive regulation of lipid metabolic process GO:0045907 positive regulation of vasoconstriction GO:0045923 positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process GO:0045932 negative regulation of muscle contraction GO:0045933 positive regulation of muscle contraction GO:0045986 negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction GO:0045987 positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction GO:0046209 nitric oxide metabolic process GO:0046394 carboxylic acid biosynthetic process GO:0046456 icosanoid biosynthetic process GO:0046457 prostanoid biosynthetic process GO:0046683 response to organophosphorus GO:0046697 decidualization GO:0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport GO:0046824 positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport GO:0046889 positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process GO:0046890 regulation of lipid biosynthetic process GO:0048167 regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0048514 blood vessel morphogenesis GO:0048545 response to steroid hormone GO:0048608 reproductive structure development GO:0048659 smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048660 regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048661 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048871 multicellular organismal homeostasis GO:0050727 regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050804 modulation of synaptic transmission GO:0050805 negative regulation of synaptic transmission GO:0050806 positive regulation of synaptic transmission GO:0050873 brown fat cell differentiation GO:0050880 regulation of blood vessel size GO:0050890 cognition GO:0051051 negative regulation of transport GO:0051169 nuclear transport GO:0051170 nuclear import GO:0051222 positive regulation of protein transport GO:0051272 positive regulation of cellular component movement GO:0051384 response to glucocorticoid GO:0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport GO:0051926 negative regulation of calcium ion transport GO:0051966 regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051968 positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0060135 maternal process involved in female pregnancy GO:0061458 reproductive system development GO:0070482 response to oxygen levels GO:0070542 response to fatty acid GO:0070838 divalent metal ion transport GO:0071214 cellular response to abiotic stimulus GO:0071260 cellular response to mechanical stimulus GO:0071318 cellular response to ATP GO:0071407 cellular response to organic cyclic compound GO:0071417 cellular response to organonitrogen compound GO:0071453 cellular response to oxygen levels GO:0071456 cellular response to hypoxia GO:0071478 cellular response to radiation GO:0071482 cellular response to light stimulus GO:0071496 cellular response to external stimulus GO:0071498 cellular response to fluid shear stress GO:0071604 transforming growth factor beta production GO:0071634 regulation of transforming growth factor beta production GO:0071636 positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production GO:0072330 monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process GO:0072511 divalent inorganic cation transport GO:0072524 pyridine-containing compound metabolic process GO:0072593 reactive oxygen species metabolic process GO:0090049 regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis GO:0090050 positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis GO:0090066 regulation of anatomical structure size GO:0090130 tissue migration GO:0090132 epithelium migration GO:0090257 regulation of muscle system process GO:0090269 fibroblast growth factor production GO:0090270 regulation of fibroblast growth factor production GO:0090271 positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production GO:0090316 positive regulation of intracellular protein transport GO:0090335 regulation of brown fat cell differentiation GO:0090336 positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation GO:0090360 platelet-derived growth factor production GO:0090361 regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production GO:0090362 positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production GO:0098754 detoxification GO:0098869 cellular oxidant detoxification GO:1900180 regulation of protein localization to nucleus GO:1900182 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus GO:1901342 regulation of vasculature development GO:1902593 single-organism nuclear import GO:1903409 reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process GO:1903426 regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process GO:1903428 positive regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process GO:1903522 regulation of blood circulation GO:1903524 positive regulation of blood circulation GO:1903533 regulation of protein targeting GO:1903670 regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903672 positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903829 positive regulation of cellular protein localization GO:1904018 positive regulation of vasculature development GO:1904407 positive regulation of nitric oxide metabolic process GO:1904589 regulation of protein import GO:1904591 positive regulation of protein import GO:1904951 positive regulation of establishment of protein localization GO:1990267 response to transition metal nanoparticle GO:1990748 cellular detoxification GO:2000147 positive regulation of cell motility GO:2000377 regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process GO:2000379 positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process GO:2001057 reactive nitrogen species metabolic process GO:2001279 regulation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process GO:2001280 positive regulation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process |
Molecular Function |
GO:0004601 peroxidase activity GO:0004666 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity GO:0016209 antioxidant activity GO:0016684 oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor GO:0016701 oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen GO:0016702 oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen GO:0016705 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen GO:0020037 heme binding GO:0046906 tetrapyrrole binding GO:0050473 arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity GO:0051213 dioxygenase activity |
Cellular Component |
GO:0005788 endoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0005901 caveola GO:0044853 plasma membrane raft GO:0045121 membrane raft GO:0098589 membrane region GO:0098857 membrane microdomain |
KEGG |
hsa04064 NF-kappa B signaling pathway hsa04370 VEGF signaling pathway hsa04668 TNF signaling pathway hsa04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling hsa04726 Serotonergic synapse hsa04913 Ovarian steroidogenesis hsa04921 Oxytocin signaling pathway hsa00590 Arachidonic acid metabolism hsa01100 Metabolic pathways |
Reactome |
R-HSA-2142753: Arachidonic acid metabolism R-HSA-1280215: Cytokine Signaling in Immune system R-HSA-168256: Immune System R-HSA-6783783: Interleukin-10 signaling R-HSA-6785807: Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism R-HSA-556833: Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins R-HSA-196854: Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors R-HSA-196849: Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors R-HSA-197264: Nicotinamide salvaging R-HSA-196807: Nicotinate metabolism R-HSA-449147: Signaling by Interleukins R-HSA-2142770: Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives R-HSA-2162123: Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) |
Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content | Literatures that report relations between PTGS2 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells. |
Literatures describing the relation between PTGS2 and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
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Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content | High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets. |
> High-throughput Screening
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Statistical results of PTGS2 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
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Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders |
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of PTGS2 in various data sets.
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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of PTGS2 in various data sets.
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Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PTGS2. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene. |
Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PTGS2. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by PTGS2. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule |
Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PTGS2. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor |
Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Distribution of PTGS2 expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype |
Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content |
Associations between PTGS2 and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade |
Summary | |
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Symbol | PTGS2 |
Name | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) |
Aliases | COX-2; GRIPGHS; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2; PGH synthase 2; PHS II; cyclooxygenase 2b; prostaglandin H2 synthase ...... |
Chromosomal Location | 1q25.2-q25.3 |
External Links | HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards |
Content | Drugs targeting PTGS2 collected from DrugBank database. |
Details on drugs targeting PTGS2.
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